Today I will show you how to set up a DNS server on Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS.
The first thing to do is to install the software we need, in this case we need the bind9 package. Open up a terminal and type:
sudo apt-get install bind9
Once installed it is time for some configuring. The first file we need to configure is named.conf.local. So in the terminal type:
sudo nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local
I have used nano to open up the file but use whichever text editor you are happy with. Insert the following code into the file:
# This is the zone definition. replace example.com with your domain name
zone “comtech.com” {
type master;
file “/etc/bind/zones/comtech.com.db”;
};
# This is the zone definition for reverse DNS. replace 0.168.192 with your network address in reverse notation – e.g my network address is 192.168.0
zone “1.168.192.in-addr.arpa” {
type master;
file “/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa”;
};
Replace comtech.com with the name of your DNS domain (this is not the same as an active directory domain but rather a name for your DNS zone).
Next up is the options file. In the terminal type:
sudo nano /etc/bind/named.conf.options
Within this file we need to modify the forwarder with the address of your ISP’s DNS servers. So modify the file adding the following:
forwarders {
194.72.0.114;
194.74.65.69;
};
Replace the addresses above with the addresses of your ISP’s DNS servers.
Now we need to add the zones file:
sudo mkdir /etc/bind/zones
And then configure it:
sudo nano /etc/bind/zones/comtech.com.db (replace comtech.com with your DNS domain).
Add the following code to the file:
// replace example.com with your domain name. do not forget the . after the domain name!
// Also, replace ns1 with the name of your DNS server
comtech.com. IN SOA chris-server.comtech.com.
// Do not modify the following lines!
2006081401
28800
3600
604800
38400
)
// Replace the following line as necessary:
// ns1 = DNS Server name
// mta = mail server name
// example.com = domain name
comtech.com. IN NS chris-server.comtech.com.
comtech.com. IN MX 10 mta.example.com.
// Replace the IP address with the right IP addresses.
www IN A 192.168.1.4
mta IN A 192.168.0.3
chris-server IN A 192.168.1.4
In the above code replace the following:
comtech.com with your DNS domain name,
192.168.1.4 with your static DNS server address,
chris-server.comtech.com with your computers hostname.dns-domain,
mta is your mail server (if you have one). If you do modify the IP address to show this.
Next we have to create the reverse DNS zone file:
sudo nano /etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa
Add the following code:
//replace example.com with your domain name, ns1 with your DNS server name.
// The number before IN PTR example.com is the machine address of the DNS server
@ IN SOA chris-server.comtech.com admin.comtech.com. (
2006081401;
28800;
604800;
604800;
86400
)
IN NS chris-server.comtech.com.
1 IN PTR comtech.com
All that is left to do is restart bind:
sudo service bind9 restart
Don’t forget to test the new configuration:
dig comtech.com
NOTE:
If you are unable to restart the bind9 service run the command named -g 53 which will give you a list of any configuration errors.
About the Author
Hi I’m Chris Wakefield the owner of ComTech IT Support. I provide Windows, Mac and Linux based IT Support to small businesses in Stirling, Alloa and Falkirk.
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